The back muscles stabilize and move the vertebral column, and are grouped according to the lengths and direction of the fascicles. Extrinsic tongue muscles insert into the tongue from outside origins, and the intrinsic tongue muscles insert into the tongue from origins within it. , My action is to bilaterally extend the head and neck and unilaterally laterally flex . It consists mainly of type 1 muscle fibers and hence provides sustained elbow extension. Facial muscles are different in that they create facial movements and expressions by pulling on the skinno bone movements are involved. You walk Shorter to a street Corner. Why not cut your time in half by studying with our upper limb muscle anatomy chart? 1 / 24. Term. By the end of this section, you will be able to: Identify the following muscles and give their origins, insertions, actions and innervations: The skeletal muscles are divided into axial (muscles of the trunk and head) and appendicular (muscles of the arms and legs) categories. Action: Adducts thigh, Origin: iliac crest, anterior iliac surface Insertion: iliotibial band of fasciae latae Action: Flexes, abducts, and medially rotates thigh, Origin: Outer iliac blade, iliac crest, sacrum, coccyx Insertion: Gluteal tuberosity of femur, iliotibial band of fasciae latae Action: Extends and laterally rotates thigh, braces knee, Origin: Outer iliac blade Insertion: Greater trochanter of femur Action: Abducts and medially rotates thigh, Origin: Pubis, ischium Insertion: Gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera, adductor tubercle of distal femur Action: Adducts, flexes, extends and laterally rotates thigh, Origin: Anterior superior iliac spine Insertion: Proximal, medial tibia Action: Flexes and laterally rotates thigh, flexes leg, Origin: Anterior inferior iliac spine, margin of acetabulum Insertion: Tibial tuberosity by patellar tendon Action: Flexes thigh, extends leg, Origin: Greater trochanter of femur, linea aspera of femur Insertion: Tibial tuberosity by patellar tendon Action: Extends Leg, Origin: Linea aspera, medial side Insertion: Tibial tuberosity by patellar tendon Action: Extends Leg, Origin: Proximal, anterior femur Insertion: Tibial tuberosity by patellar tendon Action: Extends Leg, Origin: (long head) Ischial tuberosity, (short head) linea aspera When the whole muscle acts as a unit it acts as a medial rotator and adductor the arm at the shoulder. The Cellular Level of Organization, Chapter 4. S: supraspinatus I: infraspinatus T: teres minor S: subscapularis With 'SITS', recalling this order also helps remember the insertions of these muscles, with the order being superior, middle, and inferior facets of the greater tubercle of the humerus for supraspinatus, infraspinatus and teres minor respectively and . In our cheat sheets, youll find the origin(s) and insertion(s) of every muscle. Pectoralis major muscle :This is a superficial, large, fan shaped muscle that makes up the bulk of the pectoral (chest) region. Human hands are quite special in their anatomy, which allows us to be so dexterous and relies on muscles of the upper limb to help move it through space. It is innervated by the posterior interosseous branch. Resulting in the inability to straighten the digit. The muscle also forms the medial border of the cubital fossa. Hamstring Anatomy Mnemonics - Origin, Insertion, Innervation & Action No views Aug 11, 2022 0 Dislike Share Save Memorize Medical 125 subscribers Easy ways to learn and remember the. The muscles are named after their functions, with the flexor muscle medial most, the abductor lateral most, and the opponens muscle lying deep. Insertion: mastoid process of temporal bone, occipital bone. It functions as a stabilizer of the scapula, acts as a protractor when reaching forward or pushing, and aids in rotation of scapula. The clavicular head enables the muscle to act as a flexor (decrease angle between joints) of arm at the shoulder and the sternocostal head enables the muscle to act as an extensor (increase angle between joints). The shoulder moves at the glenohumeral joint. The medial head is supplied by the ulnar nerve, and the lateral head by the anterior interosseous branch. 3. The longissimus group includes the longissimus capitis, the longissimus cervicis, and the longissimus thoracis. The common extensor origin is the lateral epicondyle. Shahab Shahid MBBS I highly recommend you use this site! Origin: Flexor digitorum profundus (FDP) Insertion: Extensor hood on radial side (lateral bands) Function: Flex MCP joint and extend PIP joint Innervation. My insertion is transverse processes C1-C4, mastoid process, and occipital bone. Naming Skeletal Muscles | How are Muscles Named? It is often grouped as one of the muscles of the arm due to its insertion, but its actions involve the shoulder portion only, this why it has been included in the shoulder section here. The nerve supply arises from the suprascapular nerve (upper and lower), which arises from the unification of the anterior rami of spinal nerves C5 and C6(C = cervical). It acts to support the extensor digitorum muscle in extending the index finger and wrist. The palatoglossus originates on the soft palate to elevate the back of the tongue, and the hyoglossus originates on the hyoid bone to move the tongue downward and flatten it. Tongue muscles can be extrinsic or intrinsic. Teres Major. It acts to flex the elbow. The muscle is innervated by the anterior interosseous branch. Teres minor:This muscle arises from the lateral border of the scapula and inserts onto the greater tubercle of the humerus. Iliococcygeus is a thin sheet of muscle that traverses the pelvic canal from the tendinous arch of the levator ani to the midline iliococcygeal raphe where it joins with the muscle of the other side and connects with the superior surface of the sacrum and coccyx. What are you waiting for? The sternocostal head arises from the sternum and the superior 6-7 costal cartilages. Here I discuss an alternative way to learn muscles and their origin(s), insertion(s), and action(s).Key Takeaways. Insertion: Head of fibula, lateral condyle of tibia Muscles of the Upper Limb Pectoralis minor ORIGIN: anterior surface of ribs 3 - 5 ACTION INSERTION: coracoid process (scapula) Muscles Stabilizing Pectoral Girdle INNERVATION: pectoral nerves: protracts / depresses scapula (Anterior view) Serratus anterior ORIGIN: ribs 1 - 8 INSERTION: ACTION medial border of scapula stabilizes / depresses The same fracture that is palmarflexed is referred to as a Smith's fracture making the hand appear as it is coming inward and downward. origin: in strips on the lateral and anterior surface of ribs psoas major - origin : lumbar vertebrae This muscle chart eBook covers the following regions: This eBook contains high-quality illustrations and validated information about each muscle. It commonly occurs following a fall onto an outstretched hand (FOSH). I feel like its a lifeline. If youve ever attempted to learn the origins, insertions, innervations, and functions of all 600+ muscles in the body youll know what a soul-destroying task it can be. Adjacent muscles which serve similar functions are often innervated by the same nerve. All content published on Kenhub is reviewed by medical and anatomy experts. Get unlimited access to over 88,000 lessons. Click the card to flip . 2023 and grab your free ultimate anatomy study guide! Biceps femoris, semitendinosus, and semimembranosus. Muscle origins and insertions Many muscles are attached to bones at either end via tendons. #shorts #anatomy. The splenius group includes the splenius capitis and the splenius cervicis. Those in the same compartment will have the same action. The damaged nerve causes a weakened serratus anterior, leading to the scapula not being pulled down and in during circumduction. You can feel the temporalis move by putting your fingers to your temple as you chew. You ride Longer on a Superhighway. Author: It is innervated by the median nerve a branch of the lateral and medial cord of the brachial plexus. Conventionally, a muscle origin describes the attachment of a muscle on the more stable bone. All the intrinsic muscles of hand are supplied by the deep . The multifidus muscle of the lumbar region helps extend and laterally flex the vertebral column. Brachioradialis muscle:This muscle lies between the flexor and extensor compartments of the forearm. The particular movement is a direct result of the muscle attachment. An agonist, or as I said before, a prime mover, is the muscle that is primarily responsible for the movement described: forearm flexion. L: lateral two lumbricals. My insertion is the angles of the ribs and transverse processes of C4-C6. The Tissue Level of Organization, Chapter 6. Extensor digitorum muscle:This muscle lies in the extensor compartment and arises from the lateral epicondyle. origin: neck Many muscles are attached to bones at either end via tendons. This also helps you understand its action (s) as well as what injuries may be present if there is pain in relevant areas. The genioglossus depresses the tongue and moves it anteriorly; the styloglossus lifts the tongue and retracts it; the palatoglossus elevates the back of the tongue; and the hyoglossus depresses and flattens it. It inserts onto the spine of the scapula, acromion, and lateral third of the clavicle. Get instant access to this gallery, plus: Introduction to the musculoskeletal system, Nerves, vessels and lymphatics of the abdomen, Nerves, vessels and lymphatics of the pelvis, Infratemporal region and pterygopalatine fossa, Meninges, ventricular system and subarachnoid space, Extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis, Pectoralis major, Pectoralis minor, Deltoid, Latissimus dorsi, Supinator, Extensor digitorum, Extensor carpi ulnaris, Extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis, Extensor indicis proprius, Extensor digiti minimi, Brachioradialis, Thenar eminence, Hypothenar eminence, Interossei, Lumbricals, Inferior angle and lower part of the lateral border of the scapula, Intertubercular sulcus (medial lip) of the humerus, Adduction and medial rotation of the humerus (arm), Lateral border of the scapula (middle part), Greater tubercle of the humerus (inferior facet), Lateral rotation of the arm, stabilization of the humerus as part of the rotator cuff muscles, Greater tubercle of the humerus (middle facet), Greater tubercle of the humerus (superior facet), Assistance in arm abduction,stabilization of the humerus as part of the rotator cuff muscles, Medial rotation of the arm,stabilization of the humerus as part of the rotator cuff muscles, Transverse process of the atlas and axis, posterior tubercles C3 and C4, Posterior surface of the medial scapular border (from the superior angle to the root of the spine of the scapula), Anterior rami of the nerves C3 and C4, dorsal scapular nerve (branch of the C5), Superior nuchal line, external occipital protruberance, nuchal ligament, spinous processes of C7 to T12 vertebrae, Lateral third of the clavicle, acromion and spine of the scapula, Spinal accessory nerve; C3 and C4 spinal nerves, Elevation, depression, and retraction of the scapula, Medial half of the clavicle (clavicular head); anterior surface of the sternum, 1st to 6th costal cartilages, aponeurosis of, Adduction and medial rotation of the humerus, Anterior surface of the 3rd, 4th, and 5th ribs and the fascia overlying the intercostal spaces, Medial border and superior surface of the coracoid process of the scapula, Protraction of the scapula, pulls the coracoid process anteriorly and inferiorly, accessory muscle in respiratory, Lateral third of the clavicle, acromion, and spine of scapula, Abduction and stabilization of the shoulder joint, Spinous processes of T7-L5 and sacrum, iliac crest, X-XII ribs, Distal half of the anterior side of the humerus and intermuscular septa, Flexion of the forearm at the elbow joint, Flexion of the forearm at the elbow joint, supinator of the forearm, accessory flexor of the arm at the glenohumeral joint, Anterior surface of the ulna (distal quarter), Anterior surface of the radius (distal quarter), Forearm pronationand binding of the radius and ulna, Anterior surface of the radius and interosseous membrane, Proximal parts of the anterior and lateral surfaces of the ulna and interosseous membrane, Bases of the phalanges of the 4th and 5th digits (medial part), bases of the phalanges of the 2nd and 3rd digits (lateral part), Ulnar nerve (medial part), anterior interosseous nerve (lateral part), Flexion of the distal phalanges at the interphalangeal joints of the 4th and 5th digits (medial part) and of the 2nd and 3rd digits (lateral part), Medial epicondyle of the humerus and coronoid process of the ulna (humero-ulnar head) and superior half of anterior border (ulnar head), Shafts of middle phalanges of medial four digits, Flexion of middle phalanges at proximal interphalangeal joints and flexion of the proximal phalanges at the metacarpophalangeal joints of the middle four digits, Medial epicondyle of the humerus (common flexor tendon), Flexor retinaculum and palmar aponeurosis, Medial epicondyle of the humerus (humeral head), coronoid process of the ulna (ulnar head), Lateral epicondyle of the humerus, crest of the ulna, supinator fossa, radial collateral and anular ligaments, Surface of the proximal third of the radial shaft, Posterior surfaces of the middle and distal phalanges (2nd-5th), Posterior interosseus nerve (branch of the radial nerve), Extension of the index, middle, ring and little fingers, Lateral epicondyle of the humerus, posterior border of the ulna, Medial side of the base of the metacarpal V, Posterior side of the distal third of the ulnar shaft; interosseous membrane, Proximal two-thirds of the supra-epicondylar ridge of the humerus, Lateral surface of the distal end of the radius, Forearm flexion, especially during mid-pronation, Flexor retinaculum and tubercle of trapezium and scaphoid bones, Thumb flexion, abduction, and medial rotation resulting in a combined movement called opposition, Abduction of the 5th digit and flexion assistance of the proximal phalanx, Base of the proximal phalanx of the 5th digit, Flexion of the proximal phalanx of the 5th digit, Sides of two adjacent metacarpals (dorsal interossei) and palmar surfaces of the 2nd, 4th, 5th metacarpals (palmar interossei), Bases of the proximal phalanges via the extensor expansions of the 2nd to 4th digits (dorsal interossei) and 2nd, 4th, and 5th digits (palmar interossei), Abduction of the 2nd to 4th digits (dorsal interossei), adduction of the 2nd, 4th, and 5th digits (palmar interossei), assisting the lumbricals in extension, Tendons of the flexor digitorum profundus, Lateral expansions of the 2nd to 5th digits, Flexion of the metacarpophalangeal joints and extension of the interphalangeal joints of the 2nd to 4th digits. The physicians originally studying human anatomy thought the skull looked like an apple. Plus, get practice tests, quizzes, and personalized coaching to help you Long head originates from the Supraglenoid cavity. Use the following mnemonic to remember the origins of the biceps brachii muscle. The splenius muscles originate at the midline and run laterally and superiorly to their insertions. The distal phalanx therefore lies in permanent flexion, and has the appearance of a mallet. Our muscle anatomy charts make it easier by listing them clearly and concisely. The muscles of the anterior neck are arranged to facilitate swallowing and speech. The insertion then, is the attachment of a muscle on the more moveable bone. In most cases, one end of the muscle is fixed in its position, while the other end moves during contraction. Memorize Muscles, Origins, and Insertions with Cartoons and Mnemonics: 46 Muscles of the Lower Quadrant [Print Replica] Kindle Edition by Byron Moffett (Author) Format: Kindle Edition 24 ratings See all formats and editions Kindle $9.99 Read with Our Free App Muscular contraction produces an action, or a movement of the appendage. The extrinsic muscles of the hand originate outside the hand, commonly the forearm, and insert into hand structures. origin: tip of the coracoid process The two bellies are connected by a broad tendon called the epicranial aponeurosis, or galea aponeurosis (galea = apple). The movement of the eyeball is under the control of the extra ocular (extrinsic) eye muscles, which originate from the bones of the orbitand insert onto the outer surface of the white of the eye. It is the chief medial rotator of the shoulder and modulates the movement of the deltoid. The action makes sense when you consider the muscle's points of attachment. Like how the sartorious muscle is the only . origin: cervical vertebrae It helped me pass my exam and the test questions are very similar to the practice quizzes on Study.com. In this anatomy muscle song, you can learn rhymes and mnemonics to help you remember the muscle name, location, and one of its functions/actions. and grab your free ultimate anatomy study guide! An easy way to distinguish between the actions of the interossei is to use the following mnemonic. Extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis muscles:The longus muscle arises from the lateral epicondylar ridge and inserts onto the dorsal surface of the 2nd metacarpal. Origin: origin: anterior sacrum It is innervated by the musculocutaneous nerve. Get instant access to this gallery, plus: Introduction to the musculoskeletal system, Nerves, vessels and lymphatics of the abdomen, Nerves, vessels and lymphatics of the pelvis, Infratemporal region and pterygopalatine fossa, Meninges, ventricular system and subarachnoid space, Anterior, medical and posterior thigh muscles, Anterior, lateral and posterior leg muscles, Thenar, hypothenar and metacarpal muscles of the hand, Muscles of facial expression and mastication. 1 / 24. It inserts onto the radial surface of the 1st proximal phalanx. All rights reserved. It inserts onto the ulnar aspect of the 5th proximal phalanx. It is caused by proximal interphalangeal joint flexion, and distal interphalangeal joint extension. Our engaging videos, interactive quizzes, in-depth articles and HD atlas are here to get you top results faster. An easy way to remember this little fact is to keep in mind the following mnemonic. John has taught college science courses face-to-face and online since 1994 and has a doctorate in physiology. There are major muscles that you need to know, so without delay, lets give it a go. This muscle song will help you learn the major muscles of the human body . Origin: Inferior angle of scapula. 2009. The biceps brachii originates on the front of the scapula of the shoulder and inserts on the front of the radius in the forearm. The tendon of the muscle passes in its own tunnel to enter the palm and it inserts onto the base of the 1st distal phalanx. Bsc Functional Anatomy and Biomechanics. The patient will present with tenderness within the anatomical snuffbox. The acronym for the rotator cuff is S.I.T.S. For example, the biceps brachii performs flexion of the forearm as the forearm is moved. As the supraspinatus passes under the subacromial arch it is vulnerable to rupture from a bony spur. 2023 Kenhub. The suprahyoid muscles raise the hyoid bone, the floor of the mouth, and the larynx during deglutition. the iliopsoas or inner hip muscles: Psoas major. The movements would be used in bowling or swing your arms while walking. It is innervated by the radial nerve. We will also discuss the clinical relevance of the upper limb. Try refreshing the page, or contact customer support. It acts to extend the pinky as well as the wrist. Explore the definition and actions of origin and insertion and learn about action nomenclature and the functional roles of muscles. Posterior dislocation can occur in epileptics or electric shocks. This website helped me pass! This muscle primary retracts the scapula, elevates the medial border, and also stabilizes the scapula against the thoracic wall.