WebEvaluating Reconstruction As the Civil War was drawing to a close in 1865, President Lincoln began making plans for the physical, economic, social and political rehabilitation of a region he was lincoln's vice president and a southern democrat. hbbd``b`"|c4`@@Hd100Kg0` WebEvaluating Reconstruction from Multiple Perspectives Introduction The 10 year period after the Civil War is known as the Reconstruction Era. Howdid the Thirteenth Amendment changethe Constitution? WebList the groups in chronological order that ran and controlled the Reconstruction process in the US Government. the South divided into 5 military districts, These groups will take on the role of special investigative committees reporting to a Congressional committee examining the effects of Reconstruction. WebQuiz The 1863 Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction proposed A plan for Radical Reconstruction The Ten-Percent Plan The Fifty-Percent Plan Andrew Johnsons Plan for Reconstruction Why did Congress reject Louisianas new constitution in 1864? They had to have enough money to pay poll tax and had to pass a literacy test. Following the presentations, the teacher may also wish to lead the class in a discussion of the methodology of this activity, asking students to examine the ways in which maps, pictures, and original documents expanded their understanding of the topic. Conclusion: The Effects of Reconstruction - Course Hero Similarly, there were those in the South who turned their bitterness at losing the war into a default position of hostility to all efforts to move forward. A time of rebuilding the South after the Civil War to resolve the South's problems and bring it back into the Union What were the problems The first federal immigration restrictions were passed during this time. Things began to change socially, politically, and economically. When did reconstruction begin? Reconstruction lasted from the Civil War to 1877. During Civil War they had "rehearsals" for reconstruction in the Union-occupied south. Idea of black people being free began during the Civil War. Each document corresponds to one of the five Topics in the After Reconstruction section of the interactive. Grant also supported a series of legislative acts in 1871 to enhance the federal government's ability to use the military to stop acts of racial terrorism committed by the Ku Klux Klan, and in 1875 he signed a Civil Rights law that outlawed racial discrimination in public transportation and accommodations, and barred black exclusion from jury service. Atticus G. Haygood (then President of Emory University), Our Brother in Black: His Freedom and Our Future, 1881, William Robert Houghton, Two Boys in the Civil War and After, An AutobiographyA Southern Colored Woman, Lesson 1: The Battle Over Reconstruction: The Aftermath of War, Lesson 2: The Battle Over Reconstruction: The Politics of Reconstruction, The Battle Over Reconstruction: Southern Recovery. Lincoln's and Johnson's plans fundamentally different from the Radical Republican plan. Are you sure you want to remove #bookConfirmation# Historically, scholars have defined Reconstruction as having lasted from 1865 (the end of the American Civil War) until 1877, when a political compromise between the Republican and Democrat parties allowed for Republican Rutherford B. Hayes to become President of the United States on the condition that the last remaining federal troops in the South be removed. y@bi(^k^izu#(fN@)Z4x[wN)Gd\JvWma:M;:*BL5;Sh`2lM^YQ2k(!W7.W)J0>krA"eXk+n R/B.zuu7' ]apJ|_wv^k| +^|B`:H$wlEnT*8@0vX{[rm6FoN,iE?FF/mh@u'Q{$]pJn07a8Y9U-A/, S7GYjkQUKC2"qxLa=23P21 |0Cm)r PS)et%.H e' However, what gains were made in the realm of civil rights were under assault by the time Grant died and almost completely destroyed by the turn of the century. Radical plan wanted to punish the south, while Lincoln and Johnson wanted to reunite the union as quickly as possible. The Learning Page at the American Memory Project of the Library of Congress includes a set of activities to develop primary document skills. After reading their assigned document, students should answer the document questions on their worksheet and then proceed to the interactive to answer those questions. Grandfather clauses gave citizens the right to vote if their grandfathers had been able to vote in elections prior to Reconstruction. Upon completing this lesson, students will begin to see the ways in which a political and constitutional crisis emboldened some lasting divisions within American society and, perhaps what is more important, the ways in which the crisis forged a new path for a stronger and more perfect Union. The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude. Copy of Evaluating Reconstruction Interactive Activity.docx, Karen-Hernandez_Evaluating_Reconstruction_Interactive_Activity, Evaluating Reconstruction Interactive Project.docx, Janmarco Ordonez Romero - Evaluating Reconstruction Interactive Project.pdf, Linh Ho - Reconstruction Notes Questions.docx, Deysha Macrae Reconstruction assignment.docx, HIS 121-W1 Ch. first hand documnets or eye witness accounts from this time. It gave all men, regardless of race, the ability to vote in the United States. What lesson did the Republicans learn from Grant's slim victory? To the north, it looked like slavery in a new form. %PDF-1.5 % It was signed into law by President Andrew Johnson. Georgia, along with Mississippi, Texas, and Virginia, had to satisfy an additional condition: ratification of the Fifteenth Amendment, which prohibited the states from denying a citizen the right to vote because of race, color, or previous condition of servitude. The EDSITEment-reviewed sites Digital History and Documenting the American South offer a wide variety of documents concerning the effects of Reconstruction on the newly freed black population and Southern society, in general. e17bZVXrKW@]snp/bAb Ff# 4} GoBEeNoh,:XDlU@? 1&f<6a&wX5:(mIt%`}o"0`PVi>r#7e^2F+Y{\p^W (.EVDY(*BAwz{}}$awd$J7 IBFQ` Laws passed by the South during Presidential Reconstruction that regulated the lives of freed slaves. The end of the war brought with it much devastation and, of course, those who knew how to turn devastation into opportunity. The thirteenth, fourteenth and fifteenth amendment were created during the twelve years of rebuilding the country. Given sentence below refers to a numbered sentence in the passage. Who were its members? In preparation for teaching this lesson, the teacher should review the entire lesson plan, including introductory background information. Write a short essay on how social contexts surrounding a person can contribute to his or her upbringing, beliefs and overall quality of life. from your Reading List will also remove any Most people in the Union supported the Confederacy's they had belonged to the democratic party known as the bourbon democrats. What were the problems faced by the south after the Civil War? Alternative means of assessment include asking the students to do either or both of the following: 1. After the impeachment of Andrew Johnson and the ascendancy of Congress in directing Reconstruction policy, the realities of enforcing their well-meaning goals soon dimmed the enthusiasm of many Republicans. Reconstruction aimed to bring the southern states back into the Union, reestablish southern loyalty to the United States Constitution, integrate freed slaves into society, and repair the southern economy that no longer had the advantage of slave labor. What happened to black ;R5p c-Ncc:ey].Ai4d1]'M-azo!/,'Kx5,:aC;C .Qhg But in his first showdown with Congress upon being elected, Grant backed down and accepted a compromise proposal with the Senate even after the House had voted to join him in his opposition to the Act. Previous Nursing care plan about Risk for fetal injury related to shoulder dystocia? Johnson, a Democrat, had little control over Reconstruction policy due to the Republican control of Congress. 0. He told the southern states to reject it. Southern voters also elected to Congress highranking Confederate officials and officers, some of whom had not received one of the thirteen thousand pardons Johnson issued during the summer of 1865. What was the immediate cause of Johnson's impeachment? Jabir ibn Hayyan replaced the.. of a misinformed philosophy with the rigors of objective experimentation. Then, for each characteristic of, Reconstruction listed on the chart, check off whether your character would feel positive. Segregation was ruled unconstitutional and all Jim Crow laws had to be immediately repealed. Women's rights advocates Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton were incensed that the Fifteenth Amendment did not also list gender among the conditions that could not be used to deny a citizen the right to vote. WebStudy with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like sharecropping, Freedman's Bureau, Wade-Davis Plan and more. All the of the African American were expelled in 1868 when whites said that the Constitution gave freedmen the right to vote, but never explicitly said they had the right to run for and hold an office because they were once slaves. Reconstruction In the Senate? Voter fatigue- northerners were tired of worrying about it and hearing about it. Use the links above to research more about each aspect of Reconstruction, List the name of your character on the worksheet. After completing both sections of the worksheet, the group should discuss what they have learned about their topic through the interactive and the document. Based on the documents reviewed in this lesson, list some of the leading and competing political interests in the South as Reconstruction was drawing to a close. The Fifteenth Amendment was designed to allow all male citizens the right to vote regardless of race, color, or previous condition of servitude. This was a bold and progressive change to Americas Constitution, however feelings of racism persisted throughout the wounded nation. EDSITEment is a project of theNational Endowment for the Humanities, Smithsonian Learning Lab collection on the Reconstruction Era, America's Reconstruction: People and Politics After the Civil War, Freedmen and Southern Society Project: Chronology of Emancipation, Excerpts from the testimony of Maddie Curtis, Excerpt from the conclusion of Holland Thompson, The Resources of North Carolina: Its Natural Wealth, Condition, and Advantages, as Existing in 1869, The Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution, Letter from President Ulysses S. Grant to the Hon. Andrew Johnson. Po^dl=X7K1*,@~]^[ #Uh"d answer choices Civil War & Reconstruction Part 2 Quiz - Quizizz WebThe largest weapons factories were located in the South. 75RockiCr ? The teacher may also want to point out that original documents, such as these, retain their original spelling and syntaxeven if incorrect. Question 3 How did the WadeDavis Bill deal with the issues of Reconstruction? 35(VgS[Ywhhyy]^TTrni9j8m^!^ H` Democrats who were previously unable to vote due to their Confederate ties were now able to vote and run for office. B 9. It helped the Republicans seat more than 2/3 majority in the House and Congress. WebEvaluating Reconstruction Directions: Watch Crash Course #22 and use your Reconstruction Notes to answer the questions below. Reconstruction Flashcards | Quizlet Exclusion of the last group reflected Johnson's hatred of the planter aristocracy rather than some condition that had to do with restoring the former Confederate states. 124 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<0D0942F02A0E3A4583123BBEFA335B80><310633F8B9553C42B3774455F36DF9D6>]/Index[109 24]/Info 108 0 R/Length 78/Prev 144476/Root 110 0 R/Size 133/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream Alexander Stephens. Explain your choice. He antagonized the northern voters. They passed two bills. 2. WebThe Emancipation Proclamation had freed only those enslaved in rebellious states, leaving many enslaved peoplemost notably, those in the border statesin bondage; furthermore, it did not alter or prohibit the institution of slavery in general. Think about the italicized questions Those who were not eligible for amnesty could appeal for a pardon. The sentence contains at least one complement. The Reconstruction Act was refined by subsequent legislation. In this activity, students will be asked to imagine that they are research assistants gathering evidence for a prominent historian (the teacher) during the years following Reconstruction. The long alliance between the women's movement and the abolitionist cause broke, and women struggled on their own for another half century for the right to vote. Did Congress do anything about white violence? no, although many blacks stopped participating. What limited African American freedom during Reconstruction? endstream endobj 119 0 obj <>stream His policies after he became president were even more lenient than Lincoln's, and they caused a confrontation with the Radical Republicans in Congress that culminated in his impeachment. legislators that were elected to office in the South during Reconstruction? pNqmjEJOpKxZv{u 4-aCn v84l%_YYk:Ii:vSG#oa H"x\*Uj/V-,!9.RT5\VM_nCdB5" \.x}{ No/^+4.svjc;NfdHsfJhl\_e2nsS,{ More recent interpretations, however, offer a broader timeline for Reconstruction. Compose and turn in for a grade a 2-4 page brief for the historian in Activity 2 that more fully evaluates the views presented in the document covered by his or her group. No. hb```c``e`f`xb,@($yQAI &l&a81r``Hs20A4 dUf ` "Z~(Y9I,$iA4rHR2y"xBCDx!uF$P=C|# Who did it benefit? To assist Confederate prisoners in returning home safely. The Freedmen's Bureau was designed to help blacks and poor whites by providing cloths, food, and education. This was all Congress needed to begin impeachment proceedings. Segregation laws were legal in former Confederate states only. What was the "Swing 'Round the Circle"? accomplished nothing, it was almost never enforced. Republicans regained a substantial number of voters who had previously been denied voting rights due to unproven war crimes. With an interactive map that combines statistics with the thoughts and ideas of people living through this difficult period, students will consider the ways in which efforts at recovery were either successful or disappointing. [6O;},DLJ ^;4Orqb.:)O.FXl-%}ZXMHlxixt0CM@)Ymr3xQwv_D&?Qe2}=4#r"A: %QHW)/7+ "IG Same as Lincoln's but military officials and persons with property worth more than $20,000 had to apply directly to the President for a pardon. How did white Southerners view the Freedmen's Bureau? The amendments created to protect black freedoms seemed like a huge step in the right By allowing the former Confederates to reenter the political arena, Republicans faced an uphill battle against the surge in Democratic support and voter-suppression tactics aimed at Republicans and African Americans. Senators? The carpetbaggers, so named because of how they travelled light with inexpensive luggage made of fabric, were largely a benign group of Northern Republicans seeking a fresh start in the South (despite Southern Democrats fears to the contrary). Grant won the 1868 presidential election by a landslide in the Electoral College, but only won the popular vote by 300,000 ballots. Established in March 1865, the Bureau had provided blacks in the South with material assistance, schools, and guidance in settling on abandoned land. the redeemers. Would he or she benefit from certain parts of it? Adoption of the amendment was an issue in the 1866 congressional elections, but the president's campaign against it did not work. If the teachers students have little experience evaluating primary source documents, there are several websites that include activities to help students develop these skills. Teachers may wish to have students read several of the following, which illustrate the tension and uncertainty that existed along with the joy of liberty: Students might then be asked to examine the painting A Visit from the Old Mistress from the EDSITEment-reviewed site Africans in America. they became caught up in debt. Johnson versus Congress. But in the end, events overpowered the best thinking on both sides of this divide and the impact of these great victories was left to be felt and interpreted by a new generation of Americans. endstream endobj 415 0 obj <>/Metadata 42 0 R/OCProperties<>/OCGs[423 0 R]>>/Outlines 67 0 R/PageLabels 408 0 R/PageLayout/OneColumn/Pages 410 0 R/PieceInfo<>>>/StructTreeRoot 70 0 R/Type/Catalog>> endobj 416 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageC/ImageI]/Properties<>/XObject<>>>/Rotate 0/StructParents 0/Tabs/S/Type/Page>> endobj 417 0 obj <>stream Johnson pushed for laws limiting the Executive Branchs power to help ensure the policies included in the Radical Reconstruction plan would endure after he left office. Discuss how these policies may have affected attitudes in the country and, subsequently, how these attitudes helped or hindered politics upon the conclusion of the Reconstruction era. You can find more resources to supplement this lesson at ourSmithsonian Learning Lab collection on the Reconstruction Era. In some cases these newcomers were motivated by noble sentiment, while others were merely out to seek their fortunes. !~TrFH(n$J*sEsoWg >tNs=agsdZqRikzY9;.k`A5T-*kd>[MQ`&;Q3=z,:\P:GeeeE? Finally, each state legislature had to ratify the Fourteenth Amendment. The teacher may wish to review these documents so as to be able to explain any difficult vocabulary or unfamiliar vernacular. What did Johnson advise the southern states to do about the 14th amendment? Established the concepts of birthright citizenship (anyone born within U.S. boundaries or territories subject to the jurisdiction of U.S. law was automatically a U.S. citizen, excluding Indians) and equal protection of the law. You have not finished your quiz. 3) The South could not repay loans from countries that helped them. In Grants opposition to the Tenure of Office Act (passed during Johnsons term in 1867), which required Senate approval of all presidential appointments and dismissals, many believed that Grant evinced the kind of political fortitude necessary to set things aright. He believed the South should not be welcomed back into the Union, He believed the Southern states should have to recognize equal rights for African Americans before being welcomed back into the Union, He insisted that a majority of Southern citizens take an oath of loyalty before the South could be welcomed back into the Union. They were more familiar with the places where most battles occured. The new legislation was passed in July over Johnson's veto. It was known as the 10% Plan. At the end of the day, what did it mean to be an American, and whose rights were deserving of the full protection of the U.S. government? Who was the Republican leader in the House? that they had to keep the black vote in the south and protect black voting rights in order to win future elections. What problems were faced by the freed slaves? Johnson wrote much of the Reconstruction legislation himself. Why did Republicans retreat from their commitment to black voting and civil rights? Booth, a stage actor, had ties to the Confederate cause. Students will be organized into five small groups, each of which will be assigned a document and a set of worksheet questions. Johnson deliberately removed himself from the decisions involving Reconstruction. Who had been his early political supporters? What paragraph clues help you determine the possible meaning of the word? Irving E. Lowery, Life on the Old Plantation in Ante-Bellum Days, 1911, Group C: Excerpt from the conclusion of Holland Thompson, From the Cotton Field to the Cotton Mill: A Study of the Industrial Transition in North Carolina, 1906, Group D: The Resources of North Carolina: Its Natural Wealth, Condition, and Advantages, as Existing in 1869. WebDuring Reconstruction, three new amendments to the Constitution redefined freedom, citizenship, and democracy in the United States. In many ways, we continue these struggles in our politics today. The citizens of the South had to take an oath of loyalty, and once 10% of the state had taken the oath the state could rejoin the Union. HUj@}WDn! Only in South Carolina. 20F_B[G S`F>6~hf( As a result, these farmers remained in a form of economic bondage, tied to the landowner with no foreseeable way of making enough personal profit to become independent. The documents listed above in conjunction with an examination of the painting could be used to spark an in-class discussion of the difficulties facing the South as it moved from one kind of social structure to a new, more American, way of life. How did John Wilkes Booth affect Reconstruction? Question 2 Which of the following best summarizes President Lincolns attitude toward the policies and process of Reconstruction? Certainly, there was deep resentment on the part of many white southerners who did not want to accept the idea of racial equality. They gave land to the railroads. In part, Grants administration suffered because of some real and some exaggerated charges of corruptionmost of which did not directly involve Grant but tarnished him nonetheless. The government would pay farmers to grow specific crops that were particularly in demand. At every step, Congress intervened and put laws in place that circumvented and, in some cases, limited the Presidents authority. bookmarked pages associated with this title. dkRlbH/Wo/3+Po32dDJAw'sN72G>0,a-X{..\&j;Z0P{~S W]O"Kwrzb\G 7O XctWhpk There were those who used their positions for exploitation. Microbiology CH9 Genetic Change and Genome Ev. The KKK wanted to move power in government back to the Democratic Party. Many Southerners were scared of rebellion. Reconstruction was successful in helping to reunite a divided country. The reconstruction period had its successes and failures. Take sample from your personal experience. Congressmen? President Johnson vetoed the Act, but Congress overrode his veto to pass it. and any corresponding bookmarks? View Screenshot 2023-03-01 at 8.13.38 PM.png from SOCIAL STUDIES 58557 at Mt Zion High School. Prior to his election Congress had already passed, among other legislative acts: Guaranteed protection for all U.S. citizens, regardless of color, to "to make and enforce contracts, to sue, be parties, give evidence, and to the full and equal benefit of all laws and proceedings for the security of persons and property as is enjoyed by white citizens, and shall be subject to like punishment, pains, penalties, taxes, licenses, and exactions of every kind." Sharecropping. What was the purpose behind the Black Codes? On September 111, 193919391939, Nazi Germany invaded Poland. In case of the removal of the President from office or of his death or resignation, the Vice President shall become President. Northern Republicans who moved down South, often with intentions of helping rebuild Southern society. It helped maintain schools for black kids and insured fairness of labor contracting. CAm? instituted public school systems and did away with the property requirements for voting.