ilocano riddles burburtia ilocano riddles burburtia

But to those who gained her favor, she used her gifts to entertain and give them gifts. Ilocanos called them babaques, according to the author of Lavor Evangelica (Evangelical Labor); Morga corroborates the observation. They largely practiced wet-rice agriculture which included rice and taro as well as dry agriculture that included cotton. No man is brave in the presence of a crying woman. =. \ppht jtj hmjfujih, dhysh jtj ahbtih, muh jtj phyphyih, muh jtj abilif. The multi-heddle design technique, the pinilian or brocade weave, the suk-suk or discontinuous supplementary weft technique, and the ikat tie-dye technique are some other patterns. I will tell you a riddle, Bert. We're part of Translated, so if you ever need professional translation services, then go checkout our main site, Usage Frequency: 1. Burburtia o burtia Halimbawa: Sangapulo iti mangiyawat Taltallo iti mangawat AGISAANG Sampu ang nag- aabot, Tatatlo ang sumasalo. In Rabong, the participants sing the lyrics themselves; Kinoton was derived from the Ilocano word koton which means ants. J ghvl h ghjr`lss mbf, wgb fbls al``y upwhrm. The wealthy, particularly women, decorated or encrusted them with gold to make them more powerful or flashy. Water plays a vital role in Ilocano folklore, from the Ilocano god of the rivers and sea, Apo Litao, to cosmological beliefs involving the water and sea. Categories [citation needed], The men wore a long narrow cloth called bangal (Tagalogs called them potong) that they wrapped around their heads like Tinguians or fashioned into a Muslim-style turban. What is economic globalization? 1. We use cookies to enhance your experience. You are on page 1 of 6. Tay so nga taol nga taol san a makakagt ken makadunor. 5 Agraniag ti silaw iti sipnget, ket di . Fishermen would throw the first catch to the crocodile. There is a belief that the soul travels on a boat that is ferried by a deity or spirit. Throughout several ethnic groups the Milky Way was seen as something connected with water. They polished and sharpened their teeth with betel nut husk and stones since childhood, making them all even or sometimes serrated like saw teeth. Were sorry, but WorldCat does not work without JavaScript enabled. The more ripped and larger the holes, the higher the social status. Btji ili `hqujk ]hph` ij ah`lult lm kbrrh` dhihqujs, yh hfihlkh`. With his Zambales allies, Malong crowned himself the king of Pangasinan and sent out letters to all the chiefs of the Ilocos Region, Pampanga and Cagayan Valley and demanded that they too align and recognize Malong as their king and kill any Spaniards among them. Drinking basi played such a great importance in Ilocano culture; from marriage to childbirth and to death, it was a part of their ritual, tradition, and daily life. Riddles such as these for instance illustrate . ti sakna it dag. Serenading a love interest is a custom of the Filipinos; O Naraniag A Bulan literally means O Bright / Shiny Moon is a paradox because the girl who is singing is sad; her love story is very sad. YELO Nakaluluto'y walang init, umaaso kahit malamig. Sagot: Sinturon. Burburtiaan ka, Berto. Numerous Ilocano writers have won national and international acclaim among the most notable being early 20th century author and World War II guerilla hero Manuel Arguilla, whose prose was known for capturing the unique accent of Ilocano culture and the textures of the Ilocos region; Binalonan-born early 20th century writer and poet Carlos Bulosan, whose novel America is in the Heart has become regarded as "[t]he premier text of the Filipino-American experience";[53] and mid-19th century writer and activist Isabelo de los Reyes of Vigan who helped publish the earliest currently-extant text of Biag ni Lam-Ang. Rubino's home page. )Answer: Panniqui (Bat) love songs or serenade ilocano. If the heir was found to be weak by the li, then another ri family would be put in place and the former ri family could fall down in class. /MANG-:-AN/ to tell a riddle to. Download now. Nowadays, the most commonly accepted theory is the "Out of Taiwan" model. There is no muddy water that doesn't clear (One can always change one's ways), Di pay nalto ti pari simmagpw ti karabsa. 6. Intensely regionalistic like most of the other major groups,[citation needed] the Ilocano people generally take pride in their roots and language.[5]. DEFINITION It is an analytic, interpretative, or critical literary composition usually much shorter and less systematic and formal than a dissertation or thesis . Plain weaves are the most commonly produced inabel, and these are used for everything from hand towels and placemats to blankets and dress material. ihi khph hfdult phrj. During the 18th century, the missionaries used religious as well as secular literatures among other means to advance their mission of converting the Ilokanos to Christianity. 0% 0% found this document not useful, Mark this document as not useful. Pre-colonial Iloko literature were composed of folk songs, riddles, proverbs, lamentations called dung-aw, and epic stories in written or oral form. It is a forward and backward movement. J strjol upbi tgl whsgbut him tgl RahfshifR kbdl nbr gl`p. 2A: Demographic and Housing Characteristics (Non-Sample Variables) Philippines", "National Museum launches virtual edition of 'The Basi Revolt' Manila Bulletin", "Ilocanos remember dark days of martial law, vow to continue fight", "Honoring Davao's Contributions to the Struggle for Rights, Freedom", "Voices from Mindanao: Fear is not a good foundation for getting Mindanao out of the rut", "A Tribute to Human Rights Lawyer David Bueno (1988)", "PALABAY, Armando D. Bantayog ng mga Bayani", "MARTYRS & HEROES: PEDRO, Purificacion A. The Basi Revolt lasted for 13 days. Narito ang mahigit sa 20 halimbawa ng bugtong: 1. The women wore a multicolored overskirt over a floor-length white underskirt that was usually as wide on top as it was on the bottom. Naligo ang kapitan, hindi nabasa ang tiyan. BURBURTIA (Bugtong-bugtong) ita nga aLdaw: NagmuLaak iti niyog iti bandana't Laod, di met nakapaguggot ta naabak ti panunot. In other cases, the people chosen by the mannibrng would have their fingers cut off instead of being executed. The man asks the lady to be careful in changing her mind and choosing another man; Siasin ti Agayat Kenka (Who is in love with you?) Usage Frequency: 1. Tubag. 1. National Living Treasure awardee Teofilo Garcia is the last of the gourd hat makers, involved from the planting of the seeds to the varnishing of the hat. During 1945, the combined American and the Philippine Commonwealth troops including with the Ilocano and Pangasinan guerillas liberated the Ilocos Region from Japanese forces during the Second World War. Pamulinawen is a popular old Ilocano folk song possibly from the pre-Spanish era, It is about a girl with a hardened heart, who does not need her lover's pleading, It is about courtship and love; Manang Biday This song implies the courtship of a young maiden named Manang Biday. An an-anak (stick) is placed on a baseline scratched into the ground. Two wells, which you cannot turn to look at. The next two phases of the game involve competing to see who can hit the an-anak (which has been thrown in the air and stuck into the baseline) the farthest with the in-ina. . Dalawang batong maitim, malayo ang dinarating. 3 Pinarsua ti Dios dagiti isuamin babaen kenkuana. (What thingmade by God sleeps with its headdown?) Last Update: 2018-02-07. 5. 11 junio, 2020. In Ilocano cosmology, there is the concept of the upstream surong and downstream puyupoyan, among 3 other cosmological regions. Bonikewin. katnav. No awn ti nus, awn ti lmot. Ilocano and Pangasinan Riddles. A study of Iloko poetry could be found in the Gramatica Ilokana, published in 1895, based on Lopez's Arte de la Lengua Iloca, earlier published in 1627, but was probably written before 1606. An example of riddles from the Bicol region of the Philippines is the following: "What burns during the day and sleeps at night? Water, especially the rivers, is seen by the majority of ethnic groups in the Philippines as pathways to the afterlife. The skeined yarn is then brushed to make it glossy and durable before it is wound to a bamboo spool. Ilocano culture revolves around life rituals, festivities and oral history. Thus, according to Isabelo de los Reyes, old Ilocano women did not wear earrings, whereas today's women consider them a sign of coquetery. Bulong ti kappa-kappa nu agsikig agpapada, Balay ni San Vicente napunno ti brilyante, 6. In Ilocos, where it is still used today, the pleats are called salupingping. hands. Despite failing to attain their ultimate goal of liberation, the Basi Revolt succeeded in inspiring future movements for justice and freedom in northern Luzon.[19]. He who refuses advice will end up in hardship. Together with a community of elders called amen or panglakyen li, the ri administered justice and governed the daily lives of the li and led his or her people to war if necessary. Ilocanos were also among the victims of human rights violations during the martial law era which began in September 1972, despite public perception that the region was supportive of Marcos' administration. One player launches the stick into the air, while the other tries to catch it before it hits the ground. Kas pangarigan: Kuntirad, kuntbong, Bandera ti lubong. Course Hero is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university. The Hawaiian Sugar Planters' Association approved a plan to recruit labor from the Philippines in April 1906 and asked Albert F. Judd to represent them. Thank's for watching this video!Please Follow and Subscribe to our Social Media Accounts to see more from us..Facebook - Plethora https://www.facebook.co. Jump to Page . pangasinan bugtong. Some Iloko writers credit Pedro Bucaneg, who collaborated with Lopez in the translation of the Doctrina into Iloko, for having been the first known Ilokano poet, and as the "Father of Ilokano Poetry and Literature." Ilocano culture revolves around life rituals, festivities and oral history. The mangmangkik were often feared for causing sickness when a fellow tree was cut down. Saan mu pay laeng makitkita. Ilocano BUgtongs - Free download as Word Doc (.doc / .docx), PDF File (.pdf), Text File (.txt) or read online for free. Quality: Reference: Anonymous. The man asks the lady to understand him and convince her to believe that his love is true; Teng-Nga Ti Rabii (Midnight) is a song that tells a lover who sees the image of his loved one in the middle of the night and is awakened by her voice; Dinak Kad Dildilawen (Do Not Criticize Me) is an Ilocano song that expresses patriotism. Naim-imbg ti maty ta maliptanen ngem ti agbig Study Resources. Dinakdakan,[45] made from masskara or grilled pig's head parts and offal, blended with lason or sibuyas and pig's brain; Insarabasab,[46] made out of chopped flame grilled pork mixed with chillies, lason or sibuyas (onion), sukang Iloko (vinegar) and other spices; Ilocos Empanada,[47] an orange-tinged glutinous rice flour with atsuete fried dish stuffed with vegetables or green papaya, skinless longganisa, and egg; bagnet, a pork belly boiled and deep fried until it is crispy; chicharon; poqui poqui, made of eggplant, tomatoes, and eggs; igado, strips of meat, liver, and other internal organs such as kidney, heart, and intestines, this dish reflects the influence of the Spanish cuisine, from higado; pinapaitan[48] (composed of cow or goat innards and bile); sinanglaw[49] (beef innards, tendon, face and bile); and dinardaraan[50] (dry pork blood stew) are another popular dish among Ilocanos and Filipinos. It portrays Ilocano saying that even if you leave, you will always return to your origin since this is where you were born, this is where you experienced love, and this is where you lived for a long time. Originally, this dance was accompanied by a kutibeng, a five-stringed instrument, and as was practiced by the settlers of Barrio Naglayaan, Dingras; Binigan-Bigat (Every Morning) is a courtship dance that narrates the story of a boy who is in love with a girl from whom he asks pity; Dinaklisan a dance common to fisher folks originated from Currimao, a town where fishing is the chief industry. The principalia had them in fine red chininas crepe from India or silk. Unlike Pangasinan and the Zambales, The Ilocos at the time was a region that the Spanish invested its soldiers and missionaries in and routinely secured. . Uray kuku a tawden, no add la ket naimbg a He who waits dies, he who makes others wait lives. 2 Manipud idi punganay, ti Sao kadua ti Dios. agsungbat tayon! The Sunday dress is more elaborately designed. Nearly 1/5 of Hawaiian residents can claim . However, she went anyway and once she got the needle, the waves swept her away. BURBURTIA is a word in Ilokano with its meaning in English. One day her sewing needle fell into the river and her mother warned her not to get it. Morga and Father Colin speak for Filipinos in general. In addition to the bangal, farmers and fishermen also wore a gourd hat called a kattukong[13] on sunny or rainy days. Bilog ni godagod sangapolo ti aggaod. Ilocano animistic past offers a rich background in folklore, mythology and superstition (see Religion in the Philippines). makatkaw kenk. According to Morga, they used to walk around barefoot, but after the Spaniards arrived, they began wearing shoes. Emigration was caused by dense population pressures in a region with limited agricultural potential. (What has four feet but only two. 3. Maty ti agur-ray, mabig ti paur-ray. She became a mermaid, or sirena and the queen of the waters. Tubag. The tomato plant doesn't grow mangos. Purwto ti wken, nangsitt diay kannawyen. Adda pitu a botonisco; maymaysat pinat pategco. 4 Ti Sao isu ti gubbuayan ti biag, ket daytoy a biag isu ti silaw dagiti tattao. There are many stories of good and malevolent spirits and beings. The softness, beautiful designs, and strength of abel cloth are well known and much loved.[59]. v. /AG-/ to tell a riddle. The most famous depiction of this concept is through the manunggul jar, that was found in a cave in Palawan. Riddles are common to all mankind. He who is choosy often picks the worst. Answer: Agraep. [citation needed]. in?). Captivating in the street, dead in the kitchen (lady who dresses beyond her means). Kattukong is weatherproof and worn as protection against the sun and rain by mannalon (farmers) and mangngalap (fishermen). He intends to pass on the knowledge and skills to preserve the practice.[58]. ;. Asinno ti pinarsua ni Apo Dios nga makin uneg ti sic-sic na? Last Update: 2020-10-31. Usage Frequency: 1. RIDDLE IN ILOCANO DIALECT. However, in the world of weaving, inabel is specifically used to refer to fabrics that are distinctly Ilocano in origin. Iloc"ano" is the Spanish word for "us" ano, which refers to the people (e.g., americano, italiano, africano, mexicano, etc.). ", "Marc Pingris vows to play stingy 'depensang Ilokano' against TnT import Ivan Johnson", "@ofcaldub_ILS my mom is from Sinait. Although the skill is now rare due to a dearth in both practitioners and raw materials,[60] inabel textile products are in high demand in the fashion and interior design industries due to their softness, durability, suitability in tropical climates, and for its austere design patterns.[61][62]. These were celebrated in songs (kankanta), dances (salsala), poems (dandaniw), riddles (burburtia), proverbs (pagsasao), literary verbal jousts called bucanegan (named after the writer Pedro Bucaneg, and is the equivalent of the Balagtasan of the Tagalogs), and epic . These were celebrated in songs (kankanta), dances (sala), poems (daniw), riddles (burburtia), proverbs (pagsasao), literary verbal jousts called bucanegan (named after the writer Pedro Bucaneg, and is the equivalent of the Balagtasan of the Tagalogs) and epic stories. The native language of the Ilocano people is the Ilocano (or Ilokano) language. n. riddle. In many ethnic groups in the Philippines, water represents a cosmological cycle of both. All rights reserved. He who cackles laid the egg (he who talks first is the guilty party). When a horse is borrowed, don't look at its teeth (don't criticize what you borrow). How is it different from sexual orientation. The Ilocano diaspora continued in 1906 when Ilocanos started to migrate to Hawaii and California. By continuing to visit this site you agree to our use of cookies. Expert Help. (Deeds cannot be undone) [32] A few Ilocanos living in the Cordilleras have some Cordillerano blood. Perdisin bags, agrman tuyo. Au`bif tj khpph-khpph ihfth`jkum ihfphmh. Dua ti taquiagna, maysat sacana, adda olo aoan matana. Uploaded by Rachel Calaunan. a maibaban. >. Ihikbrbih hfjdjlt hrj? Course Hero is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university. please feel free to send Contextual translation of "example of ilocano riddles" into Tagalog. 15 comments. Ti Bajsst ajKyo Naljjajjegnj. In exchange, the kailianes were given gifts directly from the ri.[11]. Selected riddles = Dagit napili a burburtia = Mga piling bugtong : English, Ilokano, Pilipino, Office of Instructional Services, General Education Branch, Dept. Saint Louis College[29] - San Fernando City, La Union, NURS-FPX4060_BUmbacoHeidi_Assessment 4 - Attempt 1.pptx, Cagayan State University - Sanchez Mira Campus, A FEMINIST LITERARY CRITICISM ON MACARIO TIU's.docx, MODULE 2 TEACHING ENGLISH IN ELEMENTARY GRADES THROUGH LITERATURE.docx, University of the Cordilleras (formerly Baguio Colleges Foundation), Nueva Ecija University of Science and Technology, ACTIVITY 2 - FOLKSONG OF THE LUZON (LOWLANDS).docx, Escola de Negcios do Estado da Bahia - Eneb - ENEB, Some of this information is found in the Case study data and the rest is found, B Where is it located C What are the sources of power D What are the modes of, ETHICAL LEADERHSIP TASK 2 7 mistakes they have made regarding the insurance, watches over His creation The day will never come that sees me abandon the truth, HOW TO LEVERAGE KEYWORD RESEARCH FOR SEO.docx, easily communicate with their peers about choosing a restaurant and they could, Detailed Joint Project Plan in Microsoft Project 2003 format including key, Week 4 Discussion-Emotions, Perceptions in Negotiation.docx, WhatsApp Image 2020-04-21 at 5.50.34 PM3.jpeg, PA1_Solution_Propositional logic I_33593.pdf, 22 6 Implementation Plan Aim objectives Success criteria In order to evaluate an, 1 Press CtrlN Windows or CommandN Mac OS to create a new composition 2 In the, Screenshot_2023-03-02-19-06-16-390_co.brainly_02_03_2023_19_24.jpg. When it rains, everyone gets wet (gifts must be given to all), Ti kablio no bulbuloden, ti ngpenna di kitkiten. A man that talks too much accomplishes little. "Nalabit nga awan ti pateg ti adal kenkuana. Gumapos and his army were defeated after two large battles. Search inside document . Answer: Rasa. | INQUIRER.net", Tarabay iti Ortograpia ti Pagsasao nga Ilokano, Tawid News Magasin Ilokano News and Literature Portal, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ilocano_people&oldid=1141649724, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles needing additional references from September 2022, All articles needing additional references, Wikipedia articles with style issues from September 2022, Wikipedia articles needing copy edit from September 2022, Articles with multiple maintenance issues, Articles containing Ilocano-language text, "Related ethnic groups" needing confirmation, Articles using infobox ethnic group with image parameters, All articles with vague or ambiguous time, Vague or ambiguous time from September 2022, Articles with unsourced statements from September 2022, Wikipedia articles in need of updating from February 2020, All Wikipedia articles in need of updating, All articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases, Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from September 2022, Articles to be expanded from September 2022, Articles needing additional references from April 2022, Articles with unsourced statements from April 2022, Articles with too many examples from October 2022, Wikipedia articles with style issues from October 2022, Articles needing additional references from October 2022, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2010, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0. Aludam no matupraan met la ta rpam. A colorful wrap-around called tapis is in colors which compliment the pandilng. Other popular dances among the Ilocanos are Tadek, Habanera, Comintan, Saimita, Kinotan, Kinnalogong.[44]. Ilocano folk songs are all about the natural world, home and family, friendship or love, worksongs, and nonsense songs. (women can't hurt men physically) The bittermelon is not yet cooked and the squash jumped in (who asked you to join narigten. Led by Pedro Mateo, a cabeza de barangay of Piddig, and Saralogo Ambaristo, an Ilocano and Tinguian, and composed of townspeople from Piddig, Badoc, Sarrat, Laoag, Sinait, Cabugao, Magsingal and other towns of Ilocos, they marched under their own flag of yellow and red horizontal bands and made their way southward towards the provincial capital of Vigan to protest against the abuses of the Spanish colonial government. Ti burburtia ti biag ken dagiti mabisin a tanem (Maudi a paset) by Tawid News Team Posted on June 29, 2007 July 28, 2019 Sinennaayan ni Santos ken nginilangilanna dagiti agkaiwara a nakanganga ken mabisin a tanem iti aglawlaw ket leppayen ti abagana a nagawid. Those who were proud of their bravery draped the bangal over their shoulder, the embroidered ends touching the back of their knees. Gold and ivory kalombiga bracelets were wrapped around their arms from hand to elbow, and some wore strings of carnelian, agate, and other blue and white stones. 8. They also speak Tagalog, and English as second languages. Mrs. Ilocano literature developed in many ways. ESSAY. During the Spanish regime, Iloko poetry was generally patterned after Spanish models. [hquly sb tbrutbrb muhrhy qulphy-qulphy h phtjrhy dhisbasba`hy. 5 ilocano riddles translated to english. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. Most households grow this tree in their backyards and usually offered free for all the neighbors who may want them. Sbrong can also refer to the practice of placing a human head in the foundations of the building to protect the structure from damage. [17] This retaliation by the Ilocano people was devastating and caused more fatalities on Gumapos' army than with the Spanish lead Ilocano forces. Poem Song Lyrics. Traces of the indigenous can be found in the burtia or burburtia (riddle) and the pagsaosao (sayings). By 1903, more than 290,000 Ilocanos migrated to Central Luzon, Cagayan Valley, and Metro Manila. Ilocano is the third most spoken language in the Philippines with 11 million speakers in 2015, including 9.1 million native speakers [].There are also about 85,000 Ilocano speakers in the USA, mainly in Hawaii, and 26,000 in Canada [].Ilocano has been used as a medium of instruction in Philippine schools since 1897. Published by on 30 junio, 2022. Also often worn during rainy days was a cape called a annang, also called lbig or kalapiw, which was often made of nipa palm leaves. Most people are unaware that Ilocano cuisine arose out of necessity. Kukudisi is a uniquely Ilocano game. Her full-length skirt called pandilng is cone-shaped with a drawstring around the waist. They are called the manongs[34] or sakadas, the first generation of Filipino immigrants to the United States of America, primarily in California and Hawaii. One of the most well-known Ilocano literary works written in Iloco is the Biag ni Lam-Ang ("The Life of Lam-Ang"), an epic poem about the fantastic life and escapades of an Ilocano hero named Lam-ang. International Journal of Advanced Research in ISSN: 2278-6236 Management and Social Sciences Impact Factor: 7.065 Vol. [28], Bueno, Pedro, and the Palabay brothers would later be honored as martyrs of the fight against the dictatorship at the Philippines' Bantayog ng mga Bayani memorial.[26][27][28]. [9] This position could also be inherited and usually reserved for a male; however, in the event that no male heir was available, a strong female heir was accepted.[10]. ILOCANO RIDDLES. Crocodiles were once abundant in the Philippines. If there is no patience, there will be no food. It connotes their view of life after death and the relation of the living to the departed. Hola mundo! No isuna ti mabittakan. . 83. Quality: Reference: Anonymous. I wonder hw we got it", "Carlos Bulosan, Filipino Writer-Activist: Between a Time of Terror and the Time of Revolution", YouTube sensation Mikey Bustos and how to be 'Pilipino' Pinoy Abroad GMA News Online, "Will Gina Ortiz-Jones become the first Filipina American in Congress? From Carl Rubino's Ilocano Dictionary and Phrasebook (New York: Hippocrene san a makadnon ti papannna. The preceding was written by a chronicler about Filipinos in general. Bulong ti cappa - cappa nagtinnallicud nagpada. As Gumapos and his troops traveled back down through Narvacan, Ilocos Sur, they continued to raid Ilocano towns and villages for supplies. - brainly.ph/question/854900 Agsao koma pay ni Senang, ngem inawisen ni Basiong ti anakda tapno mapanda manen iti taltalon. Other notable Filipinos of Ilocano ancestry, Learn how and when to remove these template messages, Learn how and when to remove this template message, Human rights abuses of the Marcos dictatorship, Presidential Assistant on Community Development, President of the Senate of the Philippines, "2010 Census of Population and Housing, Report No. Do not sell or share my personal information. Isang balong malalim, punong-puno ng patalim. <. Here we present a small collection of riddles, both in Cebuano and English. [42][43], Ilocandia boasts a vibrant culture that bears some resemblance back to colonial times. Another practice that survived well into the 19th century was sibrng, associated with human sacrifice and headhunting, sibrng was a prevalent practice in the Ilocos region. Reference: AnonymousWarning: Contains invisible HTML formatting. And how is social stratification connected to the concept of how much capital an individual has ? It is death. In Ilocano, the term manong is loosely used to refer to an elderly gentleman. Usage Frequency: 1 Dennis Valdez. They were deeply respected and historical records state that they were seen as divine creatures, even representing the ancestors and were called nono. Usage Frequency: 1. The weaver winds the spool yarn into the warping reel. Answer. Prior to the arrival of the Spanish, Ilocanos were animists who believed in spirits called anito, who were either bad or good.